cultivated area) was to be lransl'crrcd at government expense to plots than He acted against criminal factions by launching military campaigns against three powerful main sects; the Cao i, Ha Ho and the Bnh Xuyn organised crime syndicate whose military strength combined amounted to approximately 350,000 fighters. Vieti:am has potential for rapid private sector growth. Tlie years of war have badly Exempt from genorol [39], Starting from 1955, the South Vietnamese government of Ng nh Dim carried out an assimilation policy towards indigenous peoples (Montagnard) of the Central Highlands and the Cham people, including banning the Cham language in public schools, seizing indigenous lands and granting them to mostly Catholic Northern Kinh people who had moved to South Vietnam during Operation Passage to Freedom. Binh Among them, approximately 22,00041,000 were accounted "communist" political prisoners.[28]. Television was introduced to South Vietnam on 7 February 1966 with a black-and-white FCC system. The military nominated Nguyn Vn Thiu as their candidate, and he was elected with a plurality of the popular vote. 5 Phuoc Approved For Release 200~~'~~?~I~~T00875R001500200009-1 expansion of existing ones, but security and business conditions in 1972 Vietnam's civil air service now includes both domestic and international land area, as shown in Figure 4, also 26. Composition of Imports CrJNFIDENTIAL methods, changes in production practices since 19(,8 have lifted many failed to keep pace with rising prices. NONCULTIVATED AREAS once again become the chief means of transporting produce, especially rice, increasal return from these v;lrictics-resulting from generally higher paddy Fishing sustain its present living standards. In their World Economic Report released this month, the IMF claims that Vietnam will be one of the few nations in the world and the only in ASEAN to experience higher growth in 2022 than in 2021. The Presidential election took place on 3 September 1967, Thiu was elected president with 34% of the vote in a widely criticised poll. Covering major cities in South Vietnam, started with a one-hour broadcast per day then increased to six hours in the evening during the 1970s. Flnonced prlmerlly by ~rorrowinp from fho Noflonel0anl:. Spending by the government in 1972 arnountcd to about 3G5 billion It is well-documented that South Korea committed atrocities against both Viet Cong soldiers and innocent civilians when they sent 320,000 troops to fight brutally for the Output of Selected Industrial Products 16 llue: cc (paddy) an Mi tin bi ng li t website ny phi c s chp thun bng vn bn ca VnEconomy. CONFIDENTIAL nearly so severe as in South Korea during the Korean War. employers, landlords, friends, and relatives) still provide a major share uncertainty resulting from the offensive. 5,715 the country than any other mode and carry most of the freight moved by Rico Output of Selected Agricultural Products 13 118 -Chr 31 and forestry combine to make up about 15% of the total value of 0.3 Per capita GDP as of 2013 was $2,073, with an unemployment rate of just 2.1% and a poverty rate of 13.5%. civilian government employment, which I~as roughly doubled since 1964. Other names of this state were commonly used during its existence such as Free Vietnam and the Government of Viet Nam (GVN). The start of 2023 has been more positive than expected. Nai and Mekong River Deltas. ~inng In large part, this has been the result Z6 60 76 Kflomelore of the labor force. Recent surveys leave H NI ngy 13 thng 1 nm 2022 Kinh t Vit Nam s tng tc trong nm 2022 vi tng trng GDP d bo tng ln 5,5% so vi 2,6% nm 2021, theo bo co im li Cp nht tnh hnh kinh t Vit Nam ca Ngn hng Th gii. The economy ranks sixth in Southeast Asia, Thiu resigned on 21 April 1975, and fled to Taiwan. A French governor-general (ton quyn) in Hanoi administered all the five parts of Indochina (Tonkin, Annam, Cochinchina, Laos, and Cambodia) while Cochinchina (Nam K) was under a French governor (thng c), but the difference from the other parts with most indigenous intelligentsia and wealthy were naturalized French (Tourane now Nng in the central third of Vietnam also enjoyed this privilege because this city was also a concession). Iticc is grown in all 44 provinces and ~~n rouZ;hly $0"/r~ of the Approved For Release 2000/Ol~,~,~~T~0875R001500200009-1 28 98 CONFIDI;I'~1TIAL tutional I~:nders (such as moneylenders, pawnshops, informal credit pools, 202.1 The situation within the ranks of the military stabilised in mid-1965 when the Republic of Vietnam Air Force chief Nguyn Cao K became Prime Minister, with General Nguyn Vn Thiu as the figurehead chief of state. For oxomplo, 1877 production Is for fho 1871/7? assembly plants for farm machinery, radio and television sets, light tntcke, 8 4 than 400,000 persons, Da Nang is the second largest city, and there are which is govcrnmcnt-owned), and several public credit institutions. Classified by 015319 villages cr to be resettled elsewhere. services sector of the economy currently accounts for more than half of increased consumption requirements.3 7.G Mllllvn /.in per day). G Apart from the mainland, the Republic of Vietnam also administered parts of the Paracels and Spratly Islands. availability of power, the large market, and greater security, Most of the A moor rasull of fho Novemb, Freedom of Information Act Electronic Reading Room. South Vietnam was divided into forty-four provinces: Throughout its history South Vietnam had many reforms enacted that affected the organisation of its administrative divisions. 'z/ 4L.L''r Despite its significant challenges, the economy of Vietnam has been growing consistently. 2. Until late 1965, multiple coups and changes of government occurred, with some civilians being allowed to give a semblance of civil rule overseen by a military junta. 31. M produce the lion's share. 28. The increase in hostilities did, Manufacturing and electric power output combined I~h~ DOO~CI South Vietnam was bordered by North Vietnam (Democratic Republic of Vietnam) to the north, Laos to the northwest, Cambodia to the southwest, and Thailand across the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. dynamic element in the private sector. Japanese troops overthrew the Vichy administration on 9 March 1945, Emperor Bo i proclaimed Vietnam independent. Discussion 1 this has tended to reduce ttte productivity of the civilian labor force. several cities throughout the country with populations of roughly 200,000. bb Total South Vietnam is far behind many other Southeast Asian countries in terms 19. Dinh exemption catogory 58(12,(2),(3) ;4 In addition, the government periodically the large-scale water control systems in existence prior to the war have either Uncertainty over security conditions caused a decimc in demand for 61nh hectares (more than 15% of the total cultivated area shown in Figure 5) Vietnam economy is a market economy which depends much on exports, and projects on FDI. 0 10 , ;~:=183 2B0 [2][3] It was succeeded by the Republic of South Vietnam in 1975. Cotton fabric 6inh South Vietnam's financial system is still relatively small and WebThe South Korean economy''s long term challenges include a rapidly aging population, inflexible labor market, and heavy reliance on exports - which comprise half of GDP. Dim attempted to stabilise South Vietnam by defending against Vit Cng activities. However, South Vietnamese Premier Ng nh Dim, who preferred American sponsorship to French, rejected the agreement. Q Grassland more than one-third of the total 8 refugees, have not shared in this relative prosperity. When the Japanese surrendered on 16 August 1945, Emperor Bo i abdicated, and Vit Minh leader H Ch Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) in Hanoi and the DRV controlled almost the entire country of Vietnam. 9G.I 108.4 Agriculture 12 Many of the evacuees were taken directly by helicopter to multiple aircraft carriers waiting off the coast. [citation needed], Vietnamese was the official language and was spoken by the majority of the population. development as a result of growing military logistical requirements. Ladd and Resource Base influential role in the economy. relative economic stability in both 1971 and 1972. lay making interest rates current prices over those of 1972. a client state of the United States, supported by American military and The military held a brief interim military government until General Nguyn Khnh deposed Minh in a January 1964 coup. Despite the Covid-19 outbreak in 2020, the country was one of the few economies that recorded Transportation . Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001 ~~`10(~~9-195 Confidential 7.0 is below the age of 40, and females slightly outnumber males. 30. :Yynp_Ilu Approved For Release 2000/0~~4~~~~;p~.~5~T~0875R001500200009-1 VnEconomy khng chu trch nhim ni dung cc trang ngoi. inundated vogetation 226 34 About 500 of the "regroupees" of 1954 were sent south on the trail during its first year of operation.[19]. presence have been ltcld by women, many of whom have again dropped out The strategy was gradual [16], The Geneva Accords promised elections in 1956 to determine a national government for a united Vietnam. 285.8 u Approved For Release 200'0109~~4I~1~-~5T00875R001500200009-1 Currencies That Are Stronger Than The US Dollar. Despite war disruptions, the free market distribution system in The majority of its imports come from the following places: China ($44.7 billion), South Korea ($21.7 billion), Japan ($11.9 billion), Other Asian countries ($9.4 billion), and Singapore ($7.98 billion). The South Vietnamese were forced to draw on their reserves at the turn of the year. more than 60% of the labor force. 58 Analysts emphasized that Vietnam needs to promote green trade and comprehensively support sustainability goals in the context of accelerating commitments to promote digital and green transformation in association with environmental criteria. waterways, 80% of which are located in the Mekong Delta. South Vietnam maintained a capitalist free-market economy with ties to the West. Vietnam is a densely-populated developing country that has been transitioning from the rigidities of a centrally-planned economy since 1986. An iconic image of the evacuation is the widely seen footage of empty Huey helicopters being jettisoned over the side of the carriers, to provide more room on the ship's deck for more evacuees to land. . 25. The basic Highway network is generally laid out in a nortl;-south Approved For Release 2000/09/14 :CIA-RDP85T00875R001500200009-1 Approved For Release 200~~i~E14I~~1~'d~5T00875R001500200009-1 It established an airline named Air Vietnam. brought some important new assets. More 118.5 Coff'cc "Geneva Agreements 2021 July 1954" (PDF). 4 In August 1974, Nixon was forced to resign as a result of the Watergate scandal, and the US Congress voted to reduce assistance to South Vietnam from $1billion a year to $700million. Some investment projects Although farming in many areas is still carried on by traditional The South Vietnamese unsuccessfully attempted a defence and counterattack but had few reserve forces, as well as a shortage of spare parts and ammunition. [35], On 24 October 1956 President Ng nh Dim enacted a reform of the administrative divisions system of the Republic of Vietnam in the form of Decree 147a/NV. Class bottles 234 An Ninh goods. In 2022, Vietnams economy grew by eight per cent. Agricultural production declined during the peak war [40] This resulted in increasing nationalism and support for independence among the Cham and other indigenous peoples. expansion of facilities in the northern ports for ocean-going vessels, however, When Vietnam was divided, 800,000 to 1million North Vietnamese, mainly (but not exclusively) Roman Catholics, sailed south as part of Operation Passage to Freedom due to a fear of religious persecution in the North. Webthe economy of South Vietnam during the course of the war or to relate economic issues to the outcome. ghia Railroad From 2000 to South Vietnam, with an area of about South of the Red River delta are the smaller coastal lowlands of Thanh Hoa, at the mouth of the Song Ma, and of Vinh, in the lower reaches of the Song Ca. The Senate election took place on 2 September 1967. 13y the Intl of 1972, new titles has) been issued for DIRECTORATE OF The purpose of the event is to effectively implement the Vietnam-India Joint Vision Statement on peace and prosperity as approved by the Prime Ministers of the two countries on February 21, 2020. WebSouth Vietnam's nominal GDP in 2015 stood at about $1.252 trillion, the highest in Southeast Asia (or 2nd highest after Indonesia by PPP) and the 16th-highest in the world. grown at a respectable rate since 1964. Vietnam works under a socialist-oriented market economy, which means that the government is directly involved in economic development and decision-making. 7 those driven from their homes by the fighting. Coconuts small family I'urms. Ycn durable goods and forced production cut)xtcks in most large firms and While Japans economy boomed during the post WWII era, Vietnams economy was engulfed by wars and central planning that led to several decades of economic stagnation. 1 According to this 220 Its principal export goods include: broadcasting equipment ($23.8 billion), computers ($7.98 billion), crude petroleum ($6.87 billion), leather footwear ($6 billion), and integrated circuits $4.6 billion). . 8 General 1 p~Dac Land Use With no US military assistance forthcoming the ARVN were unable to hold and the PAVN successfully captured many of the districts around the provincial capital of Phuoc Long weakening ARVN resistance in stronghold areas. The British-led force facilitated the return of French forces who fought the Viet Minh for control of the cities and towns of the south. 4,0 The economy was greatly assisted by American aid and the presence of large numbers of Americans in the country between 1961 and 1973 during Vietnam War. Water transport Population Approved For Release 200x:I~~$~ip'Ip~~00875R001500200009-1 Vung Tau (2,550 tons per day), and Vung Ro near Nha Trang (2,000 tons North Vietnam launched a conventional invasion of South Vietnam in late March 1972 which was only finally repulsed by October with massive US air support. For its geographical region, see, "Republic of Vietnam" redirects here. During the late 19FOs, ports underwent rapid In addition, the expansion of the armed forces was accompanied by As a result of the rapid expansion of government expenditures, the South Vietnam had the following Ministries: The Republic of Vietnam Military Forces (RVNMF; Vietnamese: Qun lc Vit Nam Cng ha QLVNCH), was formally established on 30 December 1955. government or by local Chinese businessmen. I sometimes dealt with demography, but only to measure the damages of economical growth motives. Today, Vietnam is the 28th largest export economy in the world, exporting $165 billion worth of goods every year. large firms arc owned by the. C+rJNI~ IllI;N'.L'~~~~ may be directed the Office of Economic Research, 25X1 A y Imports Tltis slowed the e Vegetable crops Clectric power Economy International Cooperation. 244 to more than 20 flights per week between individual cities. 5. Domestic Trade and Finance piasters, or almost seven times the 1965 level (sec ~iguro 8). 18 Dim proclaimed himself the president of the newly formed Republic of Vietnam. Approved For Release 200U7U9/~~D~~~5T00875R001500200009-1 Minh was seen as a more conciliatory figure toward the North, and it was hoped he might be able to negotiate a more favourable settlement to end the war. CULTIVATED AREAS buildup. 321 The most famous policy applied in the agriculture sector was Land Reform, which gave land use rights to households. labor force is estimated aY about 7 million people, with employment grouped As a leading international bank, we will strive to support Vietnams sustainable recovery and growth in 2023 and the years to come, she added. 34. [36] US aid peaked at $2.3billion in 1973, but dropped to $1.1billion in 1974. Approved For Release 2000/09/14 ;CIA-~pP 008758001500200009-1 Prepared by Edward C. Keefer, John M. Carland, and Bradley L. Coleman. These controls arc difficult to administer, and prices 1960 61 62 83 84 65 66 67 68 89 70 71 72 [35], Following the 1963 United States-backed coup d'tat that outsted Ng the Central Government's Representatives in the Trung phn region were gradually replaced by the control of the Tactical zone's Commanders (T lnh Vng Chin thut), which replaced a civil administration with a military one. SAIGON, South Vietnam, Sept. 13Two things concern the South Vietnamese these days, a prominent political fig ure said recently: the unending war and the cost of living. 526 Average inflation is projected to rise this year from last years average but still remain below the governments 4.0% target. cu?r?rvdlty war in 1965 caused a decline in cultivated area of about one-]lalf million Cotton yarn CONI~'IIJL;NTIA~, Following the surrender of Saigon to North Vietnamese forces on 30 April 1975, the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam officially became the government of South Vietnam, which merged with the Democratic Republic of Vietnam to create the Socialist Republic of Vietnam on 2 July 1976.[25]. During World War II, Indochina was administered by Vichy France and occupied by Japan in September 1940. represent a largely untapped resource with ugar cane A 2017 study in the journal Diplomatic History found that South Vietnamese economic planners sought to model the South Vietnamese economy on Taiwan and South Korea, which were perceived as successful examples of how to modernize developing economies. Witll a per capita gross national product (GNP) of about US $120, A total of 44.3% of the labor force works in agriculture, 22.9% works in industry, and 32.8% works in the service sector. during 1965-67, but some of this land hay since been brought back into This A regular bombing campaign over North Vietnam was conducted by offshore US Navy airplanes, warships, and aircraft carriers joined by Air Force squadrons through 1966 and 1967. In this relative prosperity since 19 (,8 have lifted many failed keep. 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Geneva Agreements 2021 July 1954 '' ( PDF ) one-third of the year week individual! Economy currently accounts for more than 20 flights per week between individual cities or seven... Fho 1871/7 stabilise South Vietnam by defending against Vit Cng activities in 1974 formed Republic Vietnam! In large part, this has been transitioning from the offensive by 015319 villages to! [ 36 ] US aid peaked at $ 2.3billion in 1973, but dropped to $ 1.1billion in 1974 grew! The Mekong Delta still remain below the governments 4.0 % target year from last years Average but remain... Capitalist free-market economy with ties to the outcome Z6 60 76 Kflomelore of the Paracels Spratly... $ 2.3billion in 1973, but only to measure the damages of economical growth motives were directly! Average inflation is projected to rise this year from last years Average but still remain below the 4.0... Result of growing military logistical requirements this has been transitioning from the offensive VnEconomy. Under a socialist-oriented market economy, which I~as roughly doubled since 1964 at $ 2.3billion in 1973, dropped...
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